The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has released a draft risk assessment highlighting potential health risks associated with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), specifically perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), in biosolids. Biosolids, often used as fertilizers, are nutrient-rich organic materials resulting from the treatment of domestic sewage. The assessment indicates that exposure to these “forever chemicals” through biosolids’ application, disposal, or incineration may pose significant health risks.
The draft assessment focuses on individuals residing near or consuming products from areas where biosolids containing PFOA or PFOS have been applied. Preliminary findings suggest that even at concentrations as low as 1 part per billion, human health risks can exceed the EPA’s acceptable thresholds, sometimes by several orders of magnitude.
The EPA is currently accepting public comments on this draft risk assessment until March 17, 2025. Stakeholders, including wastewater treatment facilities, agricultural producers, and environmental organizations, are encouraged to review the assessment and provide feedback. For clients involved in wastewater management or agriculture, staying informed about these developments is crucial. Once finalized, this assessment will inform future regulatory actions and strategies to mitigate PFAS exposure from biosolids. Engaging with industry groups and regulatory bodies during this comment period can also help shape practical and effective solutions moving forward.
